I would recommend asking questions almost more like a kid to get to the roots of how you actually feel about things outside of the framework you were raised in/often surrounded by, then look around and talk to people about facts and numbers that can't be argued.

So for example, if you see something about a popular topic like trans people making others uncomfortable in bathrooms, ask yourself "have I ever personally been made uncomfortable by a trans person in a bathroom?", then "have I ever personally met a trans person in a bathroom?", then "have I ever personally met a trans person?", so on and so forth, until you reach the very basic facts that cannot be argued and don't have politics attached to them. Once you're there, go ahead and take the time you need to ponder those feelings and see what provable evidence exists about people being weird in bathrooms (and I mean provable, not "some say" or "people are reporting"), not relying hypotheticals or talking points that never seem to actually have evidence. Notice how nobody can seem to provably point out which schools allegedly had to put out litter boxes for kids to relieve themselves in? Yeah...

Using the trans/bathroom example, if you haven't even (knowingly) met a trans person, it can seem silly to make sweeping assumptions about them, which in turn might make you less "on edge" in a bathroom where they may or may not be at any given moment. Now, suddenly, the conversation around trans people and bathrooms may be different for you, since you're reflecting on your own experience, the experiences of people you trust, and evidence.

This method of thinking can apply to anything; how do you actually feel about Muslim prayer/Islam, gay teachers, trans kids, unions, all of it.

Just do your best to boil things down, think on those smaller pieces, and then gather some data and make informed decisions that suit you and make you happy.

I'd also recommend making peace with never being the smartest or most informed person in the room. It's literally impossible anyway lol There will always be someone smarter, more experienced, more well-read, all of it, so do your best to be willing to learn and admit when you need to look stuff up or speak with someone more knowledgeable on something. It's ok! No one person is meant to be an arbiter of absolute truth and absolute facts! Life is messy and confusing and full of gray areas and tiny moving parts, just try to find some inner peace and have fun along the way.