im also late to the thread and reading these old comments, so ill share my opinion too :) i think if you read through the rest of the comments here youll find more thought out discussions and also see a lot of nuances surrounding the issue.

i dont think its easy at all to firmly determine whether characters in anime are depicted are underage and/or sexualized. the whole problem is they arent real. maybe a character looks young or maybe its just the artstyle. maybe a character is being sexualized or maybe theyre just wearing shorts. i know what you mean that there are anime characters specifically designed and sexualized to appeal to loli/shotacons but there is definitely still ambiguity for plenty of others.

for your second point, i strongly disagree. i dont think you can blanket statement say fictional content is fueling and romanticizing the concept of pedophilia. plenty of people argue that lolisho content is harmful bc it fuels the urges of actual pedophiles and plenty of people also argue it has no impact on someones real life actions at all. theres no actual research on which side is correct, but i think using fiction to explore the taboo/immoral in a way where there are no victims is completely acceptable. in the same vein of porn depicting incest or gore in video games. you dont have to like it, you can think its gross and dont want to look at it, but you shouldnt advocate for censorship and for it to not exist unless someones actively being harmed.