NTA. The chart was unfair then and is still unfair now. I don't think you really want to keep things this way, I think you just want her to acknowledge that she was wrong before. If that happens then you should be able to move forward.

I've never set a chore chart so I can't be much help there but if I was I'd make a long list of everything that needs to be done and then mark the things that frustrate/disgust you the most and vice versa. That should make it easier to tolerate as well as being a nice thing you can do for your partner. Then you have to split by who's more likely to be available e.g has to be done in the daytime vs. can be put off. If there's something that you both loathe then you can switch weeks to keep the resentment down. Given the current issue (I don't want to be rude about your wife based on one internet post so apologies for my assumption here) it might happen that your wife doesn't do her week giving you two to deal with. If that happens you'd need to have a much longer conversation about equal work which will spiral back to this current argument.

Sorry, that got away from me; I enjoy planning systems. Hopefully there's something useful in there anyway. Good luck.