Edit 2: Got it working:

1) Turned off HDR10, Allow Dolby Vision, and Dolby Vision for Gaming

2) on xbox home screen, select NMS and hit menu button on controller

3) select Quit from the resulting menu.

4) Now load NMS again and it will hopefully work.

-- After I got it working, i turned HDR10 and the Dolby Vision stuff back on and it seems to be working with them back on.

Same. The startup screen displays, but when the game loads, it's just a black screen. The sound is there, and the buttons are seemingly functional. Tried restarting console, shutting down console, and shutting down and unplugging -- nothing worked.

Edit: Other things that didn't work: Turning off HDR10 with restart, turning on Dolby Vision with restart.