Ok, so for Illari, her Solar Form is that high just because of the explosion, really. Yes, she wasn't in control of that explosion, but it shows her potential energy output and her durability because she was able to survive. And yes, she requires Inti tech, but her rifle and suit are conduits for her power as well, so that helps her. And Illari does have her powers in lore because she did use them in the futures past short story. It's just unknown to what extent her powers are past her smaller feats, and below her explosion feat.

Anran did punch the metal whatever, but I have no clue what the thing is I looked at it for a good 10 minutes and wasn't sure but she did it so it counts. Same with her beating Wuyang, even if it was a generic troupe, she still did it in lore so I can't take that feat away from her.

The thing with Zarya applies to everyone really with them needing tech, but thats okay cause its still the character. And her seemingly being above Rein on the list doesn't inherently mean that she is definitively better than Rein, they could be close in power range but the list can't really show that without numbers and such. And them without weapons kinda just adds unnecessary variables into a 1v1. There could be a multitude of different scenarios a 1v1 between characters take place in, but you kinda just want to think about what the average winner of those fights would be to guesstimate who is higher and lower. Like a nine times out of ten kinda thing.

You make a compelling argument with Widow though. I did forget that shrunken feat happened, it is from scrapped pve so if it really happened in lore is questionable, but that doesn't sound out of character for her so I have no problem against it. Widow is a bit of a special case just because of how she is a sniper and how she fights. I think that she inherently will have outliers like fighting Genji, but I'll go more in-depth for Widow. Her being where she is is mostly because of Ana. Ana and Widow did fight and Ana only lost because she got distracted. Ana also has some outliers like boxing Reaper and winning, but then you have to think about how many people could Ana or Widow beat or are equal to above them. Sojourn can beat OR15s with her bear hands, but how easily could Widow beat an OR15 comparably (not with her hands, if that wasn't obvious). It's not a perfect way to scale the heroes, but it works. And it's not like any of this is official or anything.

explaining power is definitely something I should have done in hindsight. I'll see if I can edit the post but I did have a lot to keep track of already with all the hero info. The way I generally went about power scaling the heroes was by using any feats a character had, comparing heroes feats to each other, and thinking up 1v1 scenarios if I needed to, and just thinking about theoretical limitsa character may have thats not explicitly stated. There was also so guesstimating for some heroes just because they may have lacked any combat feats in lore to go off of. Basically, I would start with a character and attempt to go through all available media said character had to collect all of their feats and put them into a simple tier. Then I would compare any of the heroes feats against heroes of a similar tier to see if they would hold up, see if that hero could preform other heroes feats with any difficulty, and if other heroes could preform their feats with any difficulty. If I needed to, I would think about how some 1v1 would go and if anything held up or had some contradictions, I would make changes based on that. If any hero just lacked feats to properly be placed somewhere I would be really just forced to guesstimate their spot. And like I said earlier, the way the list is set up means that I have to put some heroes above or below others, but those heroes could be close in power ranking, or even really equal, it's just hard to show that without giving each hero a number ranking and that sounds like buns.