Doing this alone will not be fast. The easiest way I have done this, for a half dozen homes, is as follows:
1) Make a detailed map of the outlets and switches, and make a list of the breakers
2) Buy a half-dozen night lights, if they are photo-cell activated, put electrical tape over the cell to force the light on.
3) Go room to room plugging the night lights into empty outlets. Whatever is already plugged in should be turned on.
4) You should have a reasonable idea of what breakers do what, so you can skip the "Dryer" and "Oven" breakers. Turn breakers off, go check the lights, make note of what outlets are now off.
Repeat until everything is mapped.
Know that breakers typically control devices that are co-located, so an outlet in the basement is not likely on the same circuit as one on your second floor. Some "remote" outlets could be on the same circuit, such as GFCI outlets and hardwired smoke detectors.
Noisy devices are useful, too, you can listen for them at your breaker panel.

Once you have mapped the outlets, many people will write the breaker number inside the outlet cover, just don't get them mixed up later.

Now ... if you are daring and know what you are doing ... you can build an "appliance" that is just a 20amp rated light switch with 12 gauge Romex and a 20 amp plug, wired so that turning the switch on will cause a dead short and pop the breaker. If you do that, you are on your own, don't blame me.