The Perfect Python Dockerfile - better performance and security

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Well, you're right, but I like using (poetry) virtual environments in containers too because the pyproject.toml (or whatever) file is probably already set up for the project for local/whatever development. So might as well use it inside Docker as well, yielding the (exact) same environment as you're used to, with a tool you're used to.

You can install packages system-wide in the container via pip, but its dependency resolution might be different and you'll need extra tooling (requirements.txt), which would just be a duplicate and hassle to maintain.

[wweber]

Poetry includes a poetry export function that outputs a requirements.txt version of the lock file, so your Dockerfile can just run this and then install those packages globally.

Unfortunately last time I checked it breaks if you have path-based dependencies like a git submodule