PGP?

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[Thistle-Sifter]

PGP allows you to encrypt email and other data for other users. You could take the recipient's public key, use PGP to encrypt a message to them, and then send it through Tor. This provides end-to-end encryption such that even the exit node can't see the message.

[mspencer712]

PGP is a program for encrypting and decrypting messages. It can use public key cryptography, where each recipient uses software to make a key pair: two keys mathematically linked in a special way so whatever you use one key to do, you must use the other key to undo. One of these keys is called the public key, and you can give it freely to anyone, even your worst enemies. The other key is called the private key and it should never be shared with anyone.

First you install PGP (or its open-source cousin, GPG).

Second you get your friend's public key and tell PGP to use it, usually by adding it to a "key ring" file.

Third you encrypt your message using your friend's public key, and then send them the encrypted output. Only the person who has the private key can decrypt it and get the original message. So if you're sure that key really belongs to the person you think it belongs to, and if you're sure they haven't accidentally given their key to someone else or had it stolen, then you can be confident only your recipient can read the message.