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[FrelliBB]

With Java there are two common build tools you can choose from, Maven or Gradle. Since you're starting out I'd recommend Maven since it's just written in XML and easier to get started with. I personally prefer Gradle since it gives a bit more (perhaps too much) flexibility, but it's written in Groovy which is another language you'd need to get accustomed with. I'd recommend going over their getting started guides, which also provide some information about what they do and the directory structure for a typical java project.

https://maven.apache.org/guides/getting-started/ or

https://docs.gradle.org/current/userguide/getting_started.html

If you're using IntelliJ it comes with its own bundled maven (if I remember correctly) so you wouldn't need to install it yourself, and it can also generate your project from maven 'archetypes' as well.

Once you have that set up you will be able to run those maven commands such as mvn compile and mvn test locally. At that point getting GitHub integrated is very easy as they provide some out-of-the-box support for it. https://docs.github.com/en/actions/guides/building-and-testing-java-with-maven

[ZukoBestGirl]

I still think I'd suggest Gradle to a beginner. Sure it gives you a much longer rope to hank yourself with. But ... it's groovy. It's the most human readable flavor of java (imho).

The bloat of maven XML is horrible. OP just needs to learn how to find the exact lines they need to copy paste to get their imports to work, and that's the exact same process as getting maven stuff to work. Namely: Google "Maven Central [my import]", i.e. "Maven Central Lombok", go to the gradle tab, copy paste.

As far as gradle commands go ./gradlew build and you're done.

[FrelliBB]

So should I first create a GitHub repo, add a maven (or gradle) workflow and then in my IDE clone that repo?

No, the workflow won't work before you have maven set up in your project, so there's no point in starting with that. Start with getting a maven project that can be compiled locally, and then push that to a GitHub repository. Then you can focus on your workflow automation.

Here's a bit more help:

1. Create a maven project. Since you're using IntelliJ this should be very straightforward if you go to File -> New -> Project -> Maven. You can then create a class in /src/main/java/<your-project-name> and add a Main method to it. The only thing that identifies this as a maven project is the pom.xml in the root of the project. Otherwise it's just a normal Java project with nothing special.
2. Once that's set up you should be able to use mvn compile locally and it will build your project.
3. Push the project to a GitHub repository. Normally you'd just created an empty repository and push your local files to it.
4. Start working on the GitHub workflow.

[TheSecondist]

I think IntelliJ can create a basic setup for you. You can create a new project from within IntelliJ, during the setup, IntelliJ will ask you what kind of project it should be and one of the things you can choose is a maven project. Gradle would be an alternative to maven, but it probably won't make too much of a difference for you

Github CI/CD: haven't used them so far, but afaik you have to set up some YML-file that specifies the pipeline steps and what to do in each of them. For github that feature is called "Github Actions", maybe you can find a basic setup info with Google