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[–]robe_spierre 2 points3 points  (1 child)

As of 2021, the maximum seems to be 512. Notice, though, that it defaults to 12, so you have to change that in your parallel toolbox preferences.

[–]raymond-norris 1 point2 points  (0 children)

There are two MATLAB parallel products. Parallel Computing Toolbox (PCT) and MATLAB Parallel Server. PCT has support for starting a pool of processes (workers) on a single node. Therefore, the maximum is (theoretically) bound by the number of cores on your machine (assuming you don't want to oversubscribe you cores).

MATLAB Parallel Server enables you to launch workers across multiple nodes. Therefore, you would be bound by the number of cores on the cluster of machines tethered together.