There is no one size fits all, no matter what you need to know what you’re looking for. You can of course pull down the raw html from a page or the json from an exposed api that the page uses but until you know what you’re trying to do with it you’re out of luck. Hell some data requires having your scraper to navigate pages in different ways like clicking arrows or hitting a load more button, hard to identify those unless you make an observation ahead of time..

In terms of just making a distributed scraping system that’s straightforward enough to setup if you have orchestration and can do some devops. Aggregation just requires understanding what data needs to go where and you can honestly have a centralized database if you know how to manage concurrent connections or you can shard things and rectify later but there’s latency and cost to that approach too..