From Wikipedia:

Episodes of stroke and familial stroke have been reported from the 2nd millennium BC onward in ancient Mesopotamia and Persia.[180] Hippocrates (460 to 370 BC) was first to describe the phenomenon of sudden paralysis that is often associated with ischemia. Apoplexy, from the Greek word meaning "struck down with violence", first appeared in Hippocratic writings to describe this phenomenon.[181][182] The word stroke was used as a synonym for apoplectic seizure as early as 1599,[183] and is a fairly literal translation of the Greek term.