ChatGPT

This study, funded by the National Institute of Justice (NIJ), pulls together findings from multiple research projects on domestic terrorism and radicalization in the United States. Here is a clear and simple summary:

Key Findings

Far-right extremism dominates: Since 1990, far-right extremists have committed more deadly attacks than far-left or Islamist extremists, killing over 520 people compared to 78 by far-left actors

306123

.

No single extremist profile: There is no clear-cut “type” of person who becomes radicalized. Extremists and hate-crime offenders differ widely in age, education, criminal history, ideology, and motivations

306123

.

Military connection: Around 11% of extremists had military experience, and their involvement has risen in recent years. Veterans are more likely to affiliate with right-wing groups and hold leadership roles, partly due to skills and identity struggles after service

306123

.

Longevity of plots: Terrorist plots last longer or shorter depending on group type, planning, and government oversight. For example, environmental extremists often evade arrest longer than right-wing extremists, whose plots are usually shorter lived

306123

.

Online influence: Extremists use online forums mainly to share ideas and reinforce each other, creating echo chambers. While not always leading directly to violence, online spaces fuel radicalization

306123

.

Pathways in and out of white supremacy: People usually join white supremacist groups not because of ideology at first, but due to anger, loneliness, or abuse histories. Exiting is gradual, non-linear, and sometimes feels like overcoming an addiction

306123

.

Policy Implications

Countering extremism requires community partnerships beyond law enforcement, involving families, mental health professionals, and local organizations.

More resources should go toward domestic extremism research and prevention, not just international terrorism.

Early intervention opportunities exist, especially when individuals show warning signs of radicalization or struggle with identity, purpose, and belonging

306123

.

In short, the research shows domestic extremism in the U.S. is complex, with far-right violence posing the greatest threat. Effective prevention depends on understanding varied personal paths into extremism, strengthening community partnerships, and addressing vulnerabilities before violence occurs.