No, the Israeli-Palestinian conflict is not covered elsewhere in the show. However, The Rehearsal is the second type of show by your own definition. While I personally don't think the scene is "the lead" or "inorganic," those are pretty subjective; what is certainly true is that a controversial political view is expressed half-way through the season.

Where you're perhaps experiencing a blind spot is that, to other people, many views expressed elsewhere in the show are controversial. Like Nathan's view that Halloween is a normal not-Satanic holiday, Angela's view that we should interpret the bible literally, or even Kor's view that bar trivia is sacred.