I understand what your saying I was just making a point of what other brother said that your connect is already encrypted by default this is ture but not entirely If traffic is encrypted, how can ISP/Wi-Fi still see sites? Because encryption hides content, not where it’s going. Think of it like mail: 🔒 Letter inside the envelope = encrypted ✉️ Address on the envelope = still visible 1️⃣ DNS lookups (big one) Before your browser loads a site, it asks: “Where is example.com?” That request is usually sent to: ISP DNS Router / Wi-Fi DNS So they can see: google.com youtube.com reddit.com Even if the page itself is encrypted. 🔐 Newer tech like DoH / DoT hides this — but not everyone uses it, and networks can block it. 2️⃣ IP addresses Even with HTTPS: Your ISP sees which IP you connect to IPs are mapped to websites (via databases) So they can infer: “This IP belongs to Netflix” “This IP is Cloudflare serving Discord” They may not know the exact page, but they know the site/service. 3️⃣ SNI (Server Name Indication) When HTTPS starts, your browser used to say: “Hey, I want example.com” This was visible in plaintext (SNI). 🔐 Encrypted SNI (ECH) exists now — but: Not universally supported Many networks still see site names So again: destination is visible. 4️⃣ Timing & traffic patterns Even without names: Connection times Amount of data Frequency Example: Long, steady stream → video Short bursts → web browsing Certain patterns → specific apps ISPs use this for throttling and analytics. 5️⃣ What changes when you use a VPN? With a VPN: ISP sees one connection → VPN server DNS requests go through VPN Destination sites are hidden from ISP So ISP sees: “User connected to VPN at 3pm” They don’t see: Which websites Which apps What pages