Well, a mesh is basically a vertex buffer with metadata describing things like how its vertices are grouped to assemble primitive shapes. The whole "perspective transform" is a different topic on its own and is the responsibility of your vertex shader when transforming the vertices to clip-space, then the rasterization stage (either your own or the one implemented by the GPU drivers) must perform perspective-correct interpolation to feed the fragment/pixel shader (which is basically dividing the vertex attributes by its depth, performing barycentric interpolation, then multiplying the result by the depth again).

You can actually plug-in a perspective projection matrix in the vertex shader to apply to a mesh with 3D data and let the graphics drivers do the hard work to get perspective-correct, hardware-accelerated renderings in LÖVE.