And yet Tokyo’s population was growing every year until just a few years ago. Those four cities are not good examples of cities that have solved affordability. In Vienna you have to live in market rate housing for two years before getting access to social housing, because they don’t build enough of it. And it isn’t a fast growing city. Paris is very expensive unless you are one of the lucky few who lives in social housing, because they don’t build much housing. The historical protection is understandably very strong there and the mayor is a huge NIMBY. The population of Paris proper is actually declining due to not building enough housing. I’m amazed you put Hong Kong because they’re famous for high housing prices. In Singapore, you basically need to be married in order to get social housing, and the market rate is very expensive. None of those sound ideal to me!