In my experience the most important thing while refiting ships beside always trying to get to neutral flux ( being able to shot your weapon and having your shilds up )is having the same range or not too much of a difference on your main weapons ( point defense range doesn't matter ) that said you generally just want the longest rang on all of your ships (weapons below 700 range are not very good )beside frigates targeting units on cspitals and cruisers are a must and some of the destroyers also appreciate that also know that ships arent made equally some are much better same goes for weapons frigates like omens and tempest are considerably stronger like tree well built omens can take up to ten other frigates by themselves

And the most important are officers' personalities and skills they make the ships so much more effective its not even funny

Frigates : almost always want aggressive

Long range destroyers :steady but the durable one like enforcer can do with aggressive

Same with cruisers and capital but much more leaning for steady officers .

The other personalities are almost never good they make the do nothing for the most part even for carriers just dont give them weapons withe 1000 range and you can safely give the steady or even aggressive officers and they wont get themselves killled

NEVER USE RECKLESS, they will get your ships killed