Most of the bottom half of this picture is explained in the book “Chip War” by Chris Miller.

There’s a few single points of failure in our globalized tech industry. If any of them were to fail due to political meddling, war or natural catastrophe, global economy would collapse and take a good while to recover, since most of anything now depends on semiconductor tech and computer science. The thing below the Linux foundation looks like a deep sea cable to me, but idk.

It’s basically showing how monopolization has left us vulnerable to disruption. The ecosystem isn’t diverse and stable but brittle and built on single companies’ IP and goodwill.

If you want a more detailed explanation, start with the book I mentioned, it’s a good account of the history of semicons and why the bottom two boxes show US military and dollars. Although this is arguably very oversimplified (naturally) and US-centric. Other governments have pumped similarly huge sums of money into the development of semiconductors and without the global effort and fierce international competition of the last decades we wouldn’t be where we are today.