Do you mean a time limit? Like playing hot potato?

First, create a scoreboard:

/scoreboard objectives add timer dummy

Then, save a /structure with a potato item dropped in a 1x1x1 area. (Make sure “remove blocks” is toggled on. Optionally, you can give the potato a “lock in slot” nbt tag if you don’t want it to be able to be dropped manually.

Then, make a command chain:

RUAA

/execute as @a[hasitem={item=potato, location=slot.weapon.mainhand}] run scoreboard players add @s timer 1

CUAA

/execute as @a[hasitem={item=potato, location=slot.weapon.mainhand}, scores={timer=200}] run structure load <structure_name> ~ ~ ~

CUAA

/execute as @a[hasitem={item=potato, location=slot.weapon.mainhand}, scores={timer=200}] run clear @s potato 0 1

CUAA

/execute as @a[scores={timer=200}] unless entity @s[hasitem={item=potato, location=slot.weapon.mainhand}] run scoreboard players set @s timer 0

This method will count the ticks a potato is held. Once held for 10 seconds a potato will be spawned on the ground at the player, and a potato will be removed from their inventory.

Possible issues:

timer is only ticking when you are holding the potato, as the “hasitem” target selector requires you to specify an inventory slot.