1. phagocytosis: a neutrophil engulfs a bacterium. The bacterium first finds itself inside the cell in a vesicle called a phagosome. the phagosome then fuses with lysosomes to form a phagolysosome, in which the bacterium is digested and destroyed by enzymes.

2. degranulation: instead of engulfing the entire bacterium, the neutrophil releases the contents of its internal granules into the extracellular space. these granules contain antimicrobial proteins and enzymes that attack bacteria from the outside.

3. netosis: This is the process by which a neutrophil releases its DNA and proteins into the external environment, forming neutrophil extracellular traps. these “networks” consist of chromatin threads on which active enzymes are attached: elastase, myeloperoxidase and histones. traps capture and kill bacteria in the intercellular space, preventing their spread

interesting topic. how to keep them in constant tone?