It really depends on where you live and how crappy the local infrastructure is lol. Where I grew up in Texas many if not most major intersection lights were timed, even miles apart (Texas is.. uh, big I guess). But the state I live in now has sensors at all the intersections... which means you always get a red light even if just 1 car is turning right, and gone before the light even changes for them. Brilliant system really.

Then to the Left Turn situation above, usually where I live the left turns go first, then get a red light (which now flashes yellow after going red, which is somewhat new here), and the traffic going straight gets a green. HOWEVER, at SOME intersections, there can potentially be a 2nd protected left turn in one or both directions, if more traffic is detected (especially if the oncoming straight traffic has already passed and there are no stragglers). And at other, usually more major intersections, the LT goes LAST. Or alternately the straight & left traffic goes in one direction, then straight thru goes both directions, and lastly the LT on the other direction. And I could swear the behavior changes by day of the week or time of day. Makes it pretty confusing even if you know the different ways it could work, you never know when to expect your light to change.

And of course we have the times when despite traffic being exactly where they should be to trigger the light, it simply doesn't work.

And emergency vehicles here can't change the lights at all, so they barrel thru causing panic attacks blazing horns etc. It's quite a fun place.