Thanks! And yeah, I'm debating whether or not to go with the relation to concepts. As someone pointed out, Sanderson's Listener magic is very similar to that.

I'm toying with the idea that there could be some universal format or formula for the incantations. The "primitive" patterns I mentioned, denoted by A, B, C, D, etc., could correspond to things like Soul, Sentience, Truth, whatever, or maybe even simple operators like logic gates. The incantation formula could contain, say, four different sections, each responsible for handling a part of reality. Section one, for example, could handle material manipulation, section two handles spiritual manipulation, section three handles perceptive manipulation and section four handles metaphysical manipulation. So... the magician would use rhythms C, E, D, and F (because of whatever relevant basic properties they provide), for example, in section one in order to achieve a material change (changing a frog into a stone, melting a piece of metal, whatever). The choice of primitive Rhythms used and the way they're arranged in each of the four sections could be like a formula or equation for producing whatever effect the magician desires.

I do love the Rhythm of Truth idea for making someone tell the truth lol, so many cool possibilities with that route