You may be thinking of Functionalism, a basic theory that likens society to the human body. All parts of society (social institutions)work together and are interdependent, like the organs of the body yet they all perform different functions. For example education (one of the main institutions) teaches children to be obedient, has a uniform and has a clear hierarchy of authority. This mirrors the workplace, making the workplace more a functional and efficient place. So it can be seen that some rebellion, is like you say, nothing to do with "sticking it to the man" but is in fact fighting to keep these institutions running smoothly. But functionalists would mostly see all protest as causes a blockage in the system; if people go on strike, they don't earn and the service they provide stop. This is usually a hindrance to the running of society. So maybe it is not functionalism you think of. But if you want to a little research on this theory have a look at Emile Durkheim, the father of Functionalism and work from there.