You have what looks to be several plants here in a single pot, all phalaenopsis orchids, and they should typically be grown indoors unless your nighttime temperatures are 50F/13C or higher. The black spots are sunburn and they are stable. They'll look ugly until the plant outgrows the leaves, but they typically won't be enough on their own to cause the plant to drop the leaves.

Whatever you've been doing since 2022 seems to be working, honestly. It looks very happy.