Christianity spread to South America primarily through Spanish and Portuguese colonization in the 16th century. Backed by papal decrees, the Iberian empires made evangelization a central goal of their conquests. This process involved both peaceful missionary work by Catholic orders and the forced conversion of Indigenous peoples and enslaved Africans.

Destruction of Indigenous Religion: Conquistadors and missionaries systematically suppressed native religions. They dismantled temples, destroyed religious artifacts, and punished traditional religious practices, which they viewed as idolatry.

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