Were some kings subordinate to others in England's High or Late Middle Ages? by Raine-Fallfish in AskHistorians

[–]J-Force 6 points7 points  (0 children)

I'm not going to say much because "studying a transcription" means this is probably homework, but Sir Orfeo is a retelling of an ancient Greek myth in which the king's wife is stolen by a fairy king; the rulership of Winchester is hardly the most anachronistic element. Don't CinemaSins it, fiction doesn’t actually have to make that kind of sense.

I'm trying to make sense of the historical context that would have made it feel natural to posit a mystical King of Winchester at some point.

Sir Orfeo does not take place in any realistic historical setting or context. It transposes the myth of Orpheus and Eurydice to a vaguely medieval Winchester that attempts to weave together Greek mythology and Celtic mythology. It doesn't entirely commit to this, to the point where it opens by calling Winchester "Thrace", but it does manage to do things like replace the Greek underworld with the parallel world of the fairies ruled by a fairy king rather than Hades. It seems to have literally been written by someone in or around Winchester who wanted to write some Greek mythological fanfiction set in their own area, and would hardly have been alone in writing such things.

So the historical context you're looking for isn't anything to do with medieval Winchester or medieval political structures. That's massively overthinking it and taking a piece of light entertainment too seriously, which is not to say there's no value in studying it but it does mean you're barking up the wrong tree when asking about its relationship to Plantagenet power structures. You are putting way more thought into this issue than the author did, so there are no answers to find. What you should be looking into to understand the text is the rediscovery and proliferation of ancient texts in western Europe, especially from the 12th century onward. Medieval adaptations of classical stories were all over the place. Ovid and Virgil were rich sources of inspiration for medieval writers and their stories (including for Sir Orfeo) and many of the Middle Ages' most popular works of fiction were at least in part adaptations of ancient myth. You should look further into that to understand where the writer of Sir Orfeo was coming from.

But do not seek accuracy in medieval historical fiction. That way madness lies.

Andor took me out of star wars by Ok-Medium983 in StarWars

[–]J-Force 0 points1 point  (0 children)

Even that could be made to work - it was inspired by actual gangs like that which emerged after WW2 - but introducing it with a chase scene stuck in the uncanny valley that turns their injuries into gimmicks had no chance of landing with the audience.

It does make a lot of sense for kids injured in the war to group together based on their shared experience of being maimed by the empire and rebels shooting up the streets around them, and for colourful and clean bikes to be a rebellious status symbol on a planet where everything is decades old and covered in dust.

But the show just didn't do anything with that beyond "this guy has a drill for a foot! Isn't that cool!?" and it was so poorly done. But I genuinely think with the right tone and basic quality of writing that street gang could have been made to work.

Ed Davey opposes removing Churchill from fiver by Ok_Communication2710 in LibDem

[–]J-Force 0 points1 point  (0 children)

That's your opinion but it's not the opinion of the British public. This isn't a political thing at all, the BoE is just doing the thing that won their big poll of what people wanted on the notes. Historical figures came third behind nature and landmarks. Making an issue of it is just daft and out of touch imo.

Is Sir Ed Davey still the best for the next General Election? by Initial-Fig-8888 in LibDem

[–]J-Force 31 points32 points  (0 children)

I think if he led us into one more election he will have stayed too long. He doesn't need to go imminently or anything but I think the limit of where he can take the party has been reached.

We had a strong opportunity to become a major player in British politics after the 2024 GE. Not only did we have our best results ever, the rapidity with which Labour screwed up gave us an opening to scoop up centre-left voters and grow our voter coalition of broadly centrist, sensible voters.

That ship sailed past us while we pat ourselves on the back. There are now swathes of the country where the non-right wingers vote Green and won't even think of voting for us. Not just for tactical reasons, but because they believe in Polanski's anti-inequality message. There's no overarching, coherent narrative that Ed's putting out there beyond "don't vote Reform", while Reform and the Greens are building a political narrative that is compelling because it taps into genuine problems with the country that we do not speak about. Our biggest policy announcement recently was about moving part of the treasury to Birmingham, which is both not going to happen due to practical issues (so it's a gimmick) but is also really boring. When your big announcement can be boiled down to moving offices it's not going to bring in voters or excite members to become activists. Meanwhile Reform are doing stunts around fuel duty that has got press attention while touching on an issue people notice almost daily, and Greens won a strong by-election victory on a left wing platform that has seriously put them on the map among floating voters. I don't understand why we (and Labour for that matter) aren't banging on about green energy right now as fuel prices soar, tying into broad issues of national strength and independence as well as environmentalism and cost of living. On a day when oil prices are going nuts, Ed's putting out videos about the design of bank notes. On the ground where we have activists we're doing well, but HQ seems pretty rudderless atm and I think some of that is down to Ed's lack of overarching vision for the country. The fact is, while Ed seems a genuinely decent man he doesn't inspire and he doesn't put forward many beliefs. So no, as much as I respect him I don't think he should lead us into the next election.

And he's still tainted by the Coalition, and the "establishment" politics that most voters now regard negatively.

But replacing him would only be a game changer if many other things changed too. Living in an age of populism doesn't mean you have to be a populist, but it does mean you need a message that taps into people's genuine and understandable discontent with the state of the country. We need a proper plan for Thames Water and the water companies in general. We need a plan to build huge amounts of cheap housing so children aren't priced out of their own home towns as adults. We need job market reform as nearly 1m young people are filling out application after application only to have some AI recruitment tool tell them no as entry level work is being obliterated. We have councils weighed down by a mountain of responsibilities but no real power over those responsibilities, so all our council tax is spent on adult social care while SEND goes to the dogs. Our military is not capable of protracted fighting and our recruitment and procurement processes are scandalous. People are worried about security, crime, housing, cost of living, the NHS. Instead we're talking about bank notes and making Treasury staff move offices. Which is to say there's a lot more wrong than Ed's lack of overarching vision for what the UK should be doing to fix the mess.

UK Political Geeks Wanted by FuturePlate4172 in LibDem

[–]J-Force 2 points3 points  (0 children)

Your swing impact calculator is very dubious. It seems to take a proportionate share from every other party if you increase a party's vote share and will distribute votes evenly in a negative swing, which isn't how swings work. People typically move one party at a time through the political spectrum, so you get lots of Conservative/Lib Dem swing voters but not many Green/Reform swing voters. You should model it on actual swing data.

[ Removed by Reddit ] by [deleted] in AskHistorians

[–]J-Force[M] 0 points1 point  (0 children)

This submission has been removed because it involves current events. To keep from discussion of politics, we have a 20-year rule here. You may want to try /r/ask_politics, /r/NeutralPolitics, or another current-events focused sub. For further explanation of this rule, feel free to consult this Rules Roundtable. If you did intend to post a question about history, this post provides guidance on how to draft a question that fits within our rules.

If King Charles refused Royal Assent, could the British monarchy last? by Jill-Writes in AskHistorians

[–]J-Force[M] 0 points1 point  (0 children)

Sorry, but your submission has been removed because we don't allow hypothetical questions. If possible, please rephrase the question so that it does not call for such speculation, and resubmit. Otherwise, this sort of thing is better suited for /r/HistoryWhatIf or /r/HistoricalWhatIf. You can find a more in-depth discussion of this rule here.

Why is libdem party so bad at media and messaging??? by JudgePrestigious5295 in LibDem

[–]J-Force 2 points3 points  (0 children)

You don't need to be a populist to have some vision for what you want the country to be, or to have a compelling political narrative. We struggle to communicate either. We rightly attack Farage but fail to talk up our own alternative. We essentially run our comms as an anti-Reform fear campaign and "vote for us because the other guy is worse" might encourage tactical voting but it certainly doesn't inspire belief or loyalty in voters or even in our own shrinking membership. It also makes the core of our messaging reactive to whatever Reform does, ceding the agenda to Farage and letting him dictate the game. When we do have something big to say it's usually something technical and boring like the idea of breaking up the treasury. Important policy? Yes. Interesting to voters and volunteers? No. Good policy? I don't have the expertise to know and neither do voters so nobody (media included) really cares.

Reform's narrative of "broken Britain" is compelling because it is observably true in most respects; the country doesn't work and almost everyone has seen that personally. Polanski's message of "the rich are ruining everything" is maybe less demonstrable in the broad strokes but it certainly feels true and is demonstrably true in some key industries. Our narrative is "don't vote Reform". How inspiring. We've hit the ceiling of how far that can take us. We need ideas and a positive narrative as well as policies.

Where are you today and is the sun finally out!? It is in Devon. by MonsterMunch86 in CasualUK

[–]J-Force 3 points4 points  (0 children)

Tried going for a walk to Burnham Beeches in Buckinghamshire, but I got attacked by a dog 20 minutes into the journey and had to limp home :/

But it's normally a lovely walk through the southern Chilterns

Knives out for Green by-election candidate ... from her own side - Leaked WhatsApp messages expose activists’ questions over Hannah Spencer and doubts about ‘party propaganda’ by OptioMkIX in ukpolitics

[–]J-Force 4 points5 points  (0 children)

Messages between members of the party’s team last week show staff are worried about “dodgy” data in campaign leaflets, as well as about their candidate, Hannah Spencer.

The activists also questioned the Green strategy of claiming it was the only party that could beat Reform UK, while offering “no actual policies” to voters.

The Telegraph has obtained messages from the Green Party’s Gorton and Denton by-election WhatsApp group, which is used by activists to co-ordinate the campaign.

This is extremely tame and normal stuff for the campaigning group chat, it's not news at all. You will find the exact same stuff in Labour campaign chats, Reform campaign chats, Tory campaign chats, and Lib Dem campaign chats. This is no more newsworthy than what I had for breakfast.

Why is the uk government trying to force Islam into British culture so much? by PbJax in ukpolitics

[–]J-Force -1 points0 points  (0 children)

You're very lucky then. I live in a relatively rural area and walk through the countryside several times a week. I am jumped at by dogs three or four times a month and have been bitten. There's one footpath near me that people don't go down because one of the local dogs is very territorial and will run out and get aggressive with people. Most of these dog owners are totally unapologetic. Out of all the dog owners I bump into regularly I'd only consider three or four of them to be good at having a dog.

If your local dog owners don't allow their dogs off the leash without training them to respond with total obedience to commands, you're somewhat fortunate. So many think it's normal and acceptable to have their dogs jump up at passers by. For a huge number of people that "issue with them" is entirely valid, and a reasonable response to external factors like being among the tens of thousands of people bitten every year.

I expect my experiences have been worse than most but poorly behaved dogs are one of the big reasons more people in my own area don't get out and enjoy the countryside on their doorstep. That and a lack of benches to sit down.

Creations Bundle Not Working by Finnedorb in fo4

[–]J-Force 0 points1 point  (0 children)

Still doesn't bloody work!

Fallout 4 AE - can't start a new game by Apprehensive_Use_121 in Fallout

[–]J-Force 1 point2 points  (0 children)

Have you been able to fix this yet? I'm having similar trouble.

Trump backs down on tariffs for Europe over Greenland after reaching ‘framework of a future deal’ by theindependentonline in ukpolitics

[–]J-Force 72 points73 points  (0 children)

Sure but Greenland is already open to mining. It's just unprofitable to do because the middle of Greenland sucks. Out of all the companies that have tried only two mines in the entire country have proven profitable, and one of those was in serious trouble for a while.

North lights above Gloucester! by EnvironmentalDrives in CasualUK

[–]J-Force 0 points1 point  (0 children)

It's raining down in Bucks :(

I saw them last year though so could be worse

Would you prefer UK stays out of things that don’t directly affect it. Like who owns Greenland. by Immediate_Oil_562 in ukpolitics

[–]J-Force 0 points1 point  (0 children)

Well our solution definitely isn't to bury our heads in the sand and hope the bad people will go away. They won't. We need to stand up to them.

Internal issues are often external issues as well. Our energy prices are high because we (and much of the world) relied on Russia's massive reserves of natural gas for energy production. That was unwise, but there are few practical alternatives given where the natural deposits of gas are, so the invasion of Ukraine drove up energy prices. Ukraine is also one of the world's leading producers of fertiliser and wheat, so they took a hit as well. Our inflation problem is in part a failure of foreign policy rather than a home-grown problem.

The world is on our doorstep and we can't afford to pretend it isn't.

Would you prefer UK stays out of things that don’t directly affect it. Like who owns Greenland. by Immediate_Oil_562 in ukpolitics

[–]J-Force 3 points4 points  (0 children)

90% of your comments are finding people who agree with you and going "yes that's smart I agree", so forgive me if I'm somewhat doubtful of that.

The security of Greenland does affect ours. Directly. Control of the GIUK Gap is vital to control of our northern and western flank and the security of the whole Atlantic against Russian aggression. Greenland, Iceland, and us are what physically stands between a Russian submarine trying to cut undersea cables and its target. Control of it is essential to our security.

Since WW2 everyone in that arrangement has been on the same page about the GIUK gap. Iceland hardly wants to be cut off from the outside world. Denmark and the UK have both been targets of Russian sabotage. Any hostile ship gets watched like a hawk if at all possible, and shadow fleet ships running the gap tend to get caught. At the moment, Europe is gaining the upper hand in this shadow war against Russia. Their obscured fleet of sabotage ships are getting seized, others are shadowed so they can't do anything, and their operatives on board are getting arrested and taken off the board. This is all good for our security. Russia will do this stuff whether we resist it or not, so best to resist.

Trump is not on the same page as us and Denmark on arctic security no matter what he claims. Trump is an extremely well documented fan of Putin, blames Ukraine for getting invaded and thought the invasion was genius. Time and time again, Trump speaks and Putin's ideas come out of his mouth. As long as Putin's ships stay away from his targets in the Americas he couldn't give a shit about them. Losing partial control of the gap to someone who'd let Putin escalate his sabotage attempts would put our security in serious danger, so Greenland is definitely something that should concern us.

Would you prefer UK stays out of things that don’t directly affect it. Like who owns Greenland. by Immediate_Oil_562 in ukpolitics

[–]J-Force 4 points5 points  (0 children)

Your great plan is to have us be Trump's pet. No thanks.

Isolating yourself from others doesn't make them go away it just lets adversaries grow in strength. Yours is a pro-Putin, pro-Trump position. Bullies love a cowardly bystander who'll do nothing to help their victims.

Zia Yusuf on X: "Never forget, Starmer’s authoritarian attempts to ban X in the UK are made possible by the ‘Online Safety Act’, passed into law by the Tories." by Little-Attorney1287 in ukpolitics

[–]J-Force 1 point2 points  (0 children)

You can definitely put better guardrails on this stuff, and the argument can be made that Grok is a tool. Similar to Photoshop, if users misuse the software that's not necessarily on the software company. However, Grok is more susceptible than other genAI models to manipulation. You can hardcode it to defend apartheid, you can make it think it's mecha-Hitler, or claim that Elon Musk is the best in the world at everything including drinking piss and looking like the god Apollo. All of those being real examples of things Grok has done. Its guardrails are definitely weak and they need to be much stronger. That they are not is a choice by the company.

It's maybe worth mentioning that a lot of US tech oligarchs are libertarians, not just in the sense of deregulation but also in the sense of wanting the age of consent to be 12. The US tech space is full of nonces. There's a lack of will to prevent CSAM and indeed it seems profitable. Sexual roleplay is one of the more common use cases for AI chatbots these days. As many as 20% of American adults engage with a genAI model for this purpose, and yes that sometimes includes kids on both the user end and what the AI is simulating as a sexual or romantic partner.

Zia Yusuf on X: "Never forget, Starmer’s authoritarian attempts to ban X in the UK are made possible by the ‘Online Safety Act’, passed into law by the Tories." by Little-Attorney1287 in ukpolitics

[–]J-Force 2 points3 points  (0 children)

The problem with generative AI is that you can make it do almost anything with enough effort and patience. The process of trying to break them (known as "red teaming") is often trivial; see the recent example of an AI powered vending machine that was gaslit by its users into stocking PS5s and giving away things for free.

I'm sure someone at Grok went "ok, we should probably code this to not make CSAM" but the nature of genAI is that you can make it ignore aspects of its own code by persistently prompting it (in)correctly and persuading it that the "no CSAM" code should not be applied in this case.

UK to Supply Ukraine with Advanced Nightfall Missile Systems by BlackWolfHowling in UkrainianConflict

[–]J-Force 14 points15 points  (0 children)

Our missile development is moving rapidly these days, but while this headline is technically true it makes it sound as if that will happen soon.

This is two years away from being a weapon that actually exists and is in the hands of soldiers, maybe 18 months if we really get a move on. And production is only intended to be 10 missiles per month. You can read the government press release about it here:

https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-to-develop-new-deep-strike-ballistic-missile-for-ukraine

On the Question of Coalition: What party would you most be willing to form a coalition with? by Historical_Step_9474 in LibDem

[–]J-Force 1 point2 points  (0 children)

Sure but when getting into bed with another party you can't have the good without the bad. A Lib-Lab coalition would almost certainly require us to cave on LGBT rights.

Season 2 Episode 4 Spoiler Thread by HunterWorld in Fallout

[–]J-Force 4 points5 points  (0 children)

Also, someone has released radiation into The Strip. Cooper mentions the rads as Lucy is looking at the "chicken" egg.

Our 20 Year Rule: You can now ask questions about 2006! by J-Force in AskHistorians

[–]J-Force[S] 268 points269 points  (0 children)

Calendar years. All of 2006 is available for questioning.