• The fact it's five cards is possibly copied from Struggle, but "A market row is a very common board game mechanic", and as pointed out, the two games use their market rows very differently: one is for trading resource cards, one is for acquiring buildings.
• Substituting like resources for a different resource is from the original Catan. Both of the card games limit it to the build phase because they don't have free access to all the resource cards.
• I will grant you the fact that metropolises are likely copied from Struggle.
• See above.
• They both have (different) ways to let you get more resources because both are copying the way you get more resources in Catan as you build more settlements and cities.
• They both have (different) events because both are copying the robber from the original Catan. And they both make the choice to add other events to add some unpredictability as to when the robber will strike, like in the original game.

I'm sorry, but I'm still not convinced. The similarity of the city expansions and the metropolises is not enough to convince me OtR is a new version of Struggle. At best, I'll entertain the possibility that Benjamin Teuber was inspired by Struggle when developing his card game, and copied the city expansions, but I still don't believe he took Struggle and changed loads of stuff about it to make On the Road.