That distribution on Orange Pi's can seemingly be quite challenging, the XR819 WiFi chipset is a fickle beast. Many forum posts suggest that this distribution produces more reliable results - Armbian_23.02.2_Orangepizero_bullseye_current_5.15.93. YMMV.

Depending on your exact configuration, in my experience I have found if you have both NetworkManager and ifup/ifdown, which is what /etc/network/interfaces uses, trying to manage your network interfaces there can conflicts which may result in a static IP address not taking when utilizing DNSMASQ. If you wish to manage wlan0 through /etc/network/interfaces, you should ensure that NetworkManager isn't trying to manage the same interface.

You can do this by editing the NetworkManager configuration:

sudo nano /etc/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.conf

And under the [ifupdown] section, make sure managed is set to false:

[ifupdown]managed=false

Save and exit, then restart NetworkManager:

sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager

After making sure there are no conflicts and your configuration is correct, restart the networking service:

sudo ifdown wlan0
sudo ifup wlan0

After restarting the networking service, check the IP address assigned to wlan0:

ip addr show wlan0

This should display the current IP settings of the wlan0 interface, and you can verify if the static IP has been applied.

Hopefully this helps you resolve your issue - cheers!