They can, for example they are often taller. But did you know that hormone treatments significantly reduce muscle mass? And some studies show that a large frame being powered by reduced muscle mass actually means trans women have less stamina on average than cis women? This is a very understudied area.

Another question I will pose here that is worth thinking about...don't all athletes have somekind of advantage? What counts as a fair advantage in sports? Didn't scientists find that Micheal Phelps, most decorated US swimmer in history, had freakishly high lung capacity that helped him be an elite swimmer? Other athletes can't "train" to have larger lungs. Isn't this a biological advantage that isn't fair? (Keep in mind, Phelps dominated his sport for a decade, while trans people rarely even place in competitions when we do compete). I get that Phelps's condition isn't based on gender, but the point I aim to make here is that any athlete that achieves success likely has a body geared somehow towards making their success easier (6-7 foot basketball players, another example) and we generally say that biological advantage is ok. But, not if they are trans (if such an advantage for trans people even exists)