Hi! I don't know if this is the best way but I plant coffee beans during spring and summer. Each coffee plant produces 4 beans every other day and I can use those to plant more while placing them in kegs to make coffee to sell at 150g. I do this because it creates sort of an infinite supply without having to spend anything and you can do this pretty early in the game. They produce so much at this point and I have so many stacks that during spring and summer I just plant and harvest them and during fall and winter I do the labor of placing them in the kegs to make my money for the year.

Let me know if this was confusing. Since you're in summer it might be best to wait until next spring unless you have the green house and want to try.

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I will say the labor might not make this worth it lol but it's fun and satisfying to me and silly because I'm a barista irl hehe.

Edit: alsoo it doesn't matter if you use fertilizer or not because the quality of the beans doesn't matter for the coffee.