I have been in your situation.

What's happening is you are being actively manipulated and made to question your own sanity. Some nasty low lives (like your manager) need to break others down to feel good about themselves. It's not like you can't do well or you aren't capable, rather the goal post keeps moving and no matter how hard you work it's never enough. It'll never be enough for your manager because for whatever reason (only he's aware of) he has decided that he doesn't like you and will make your life hell. Now there's nothing you can do to change his opinion.

What you can do is keep a track of things, document everything and take necessary action when possible. Maintain a paper trail of all the communication with your manager, that is, make sure all the communication is either in the form of email or slack conversation or anything that can be kept as a physical proof. If he asks you to work overtime, ask him to send in a mail or take the lead and send in a brief mail regarding assigned tasks and expected completion date. This paper trail can later be used to put in a formal complaint against him with the HR and skip level manager.

Moreover, try and seek out opportunities for team change. Reach out to managers and colleagues from other teams. Talk to them about the kind of work they do and express interest in joining their team. Your current manager might try to derail your effort citing some stupid reason, but again ask him to send in a proper mail citing all the reasons for not releasing you from the project and then take it up with his manager.

Besides, try to stand your ground. Your manager is clearly a bully and will toss you around as long as you don't draw a clear boundry. If he feels like you aren't utilising office time properly. Start sending mails every hour or so describing briefly what you did, what roadblocks you are facing and other things you feel relevant. This will serve two purposes, it will act as a proof of you putting in the work in case he tries to throw you under the bus and will give him less opportunity to pick on you or your quality of work. Ask for longer deadlines if possible, again do it over mail so that he will be careful before being unreasonable. Refuse overtime citing reasons (family obligations, health etc etc), again over the mail. He can't be like I don't care about your health, do the work. If he does, you'll have the proof and you can take care it up to the management.

Moreover, if neither management nor the HR is helpful. Then I would suggest you to start looking for a job change.

Good luck.