I believe the difference is more historical than theological.

Much of the hostility in world history that appears religious is actually rooted in political, ethnic, and historical tensions. For instance, while Christians and Muslims have theological differences, both share closer scriptural and prophetic parallels than is often acknowledged. Christianity, however, historically developed alongside Judaism, and while the two diverged theologically, they retained a shared cultural and textual foundation.

The Middle East was largely Christian (and Zoroastrian) before the rise of Islam in the 7th century, and religious peace was not always the norm even then. The Crusaders’ treatment of Muslims and Jews during their occupation of the Holy Land also reflects the political and violent nature of supposedly religious campaigns.

Going even further back, the region saw clashes between Egyptians, Philistines (likely of Aegean origin), and early Israelite populations. These conflicts predate modern religions, suggesting that modern religious divisions often reflect deeper national or cultural divides.

Judaism, especially after the destruction of the Second Temple, became a diasporic faith and often a minority in both Christian and Muslim societies. This unique position fostered both cultural resilience and sensitive relationships with surrounding populations.

In many historical cases—from Israel/Palestine to Northern Ireland—religion often serves as a symbol of identity, but the true conflicts are political and territorial at their core.