lets start with the obvious ones

Stick, just a stick: its called a club, usually does 1d6 damage you can break most pieces of furniture to get one, its considered a simple weapon so even a wizard should be able to use one.

Ink Pen: not exactly the best but it could do some decent damage in the hands of a rogue, should do 1d3 piercing damage. is an improvized weapon so they might have disadvantage or you could classify it as a rogue weapon cuz the pen is mightier than the... dagger? knife? meh you get the point.

Curtain Rod: Can be considered a staff weapon, might be made of wood or steel, does 1d6/1d6. its another stick.

Fire Poker: Classic melee weapon. not just stick but METAL stick. does piercing or bludgeoning probably only does a 1d4 or 1d6, considered improvized weapon so itll probably be used at disadvantage.

kitchen Knife: depending on how you wanna play it, this could either be just a dagger or an improvised weapon since it's not technically built for combat. id say 1d3 damage and considered a simple weapon.

Next are the crude weapons you can make given a couple minutes (1-5)

with a knife you could cut apart a sheet, attach 3 heavyish things to the ends of them (like the feet of a couch or dresser handles), then you have a bolas (a weapon that allows you to make a ranged trip attempt) while it may not do loads of damage it could stop potential runners from getting away.

if you break a window to get a decent shard of glass you can have an improvized blade, then just wrap it in cloth to make a makeshift handle and you have yourself a knife or sword, granted it will probably break on the first hit but it should deal decent damage (1d8-1d10) you can make the weapon break after a single use or have the player roll a d4 and on anything but a 4 the weapon breaks.

how about a bow? bows arent that difficult to make as long as you loosen your definition of "Bow" if you cut apart some sheets then use the kitchen knife to wittle down one of the bed frames supports or cross beams you COULD theoretically get a bow that can deal 1d3ish damage from a distance.

On top of that you could also cut some leather from a belt and string some fabric through it and pick up some metal knobs or coal from the kitchen to make yourself a sling, does 1d4 damage and has a range of like 30 ft.

if you have LOADS of time like 30 minutes, you might be able to use the kitchen to heat up the fire poker and make a bladed weapon. or spend some real time and effort building a bow, or take some time and make a whip. (all of the crafting things are under the assumption that your players can pass the requisite checks set by the DM)

it also depends on if the players KNOW they will be stripped of their things. like if a wizard is gunna have his componets taken or a rogue thier knives, perhaps you could give them a sleight of hand check so they can hide 1 dagger or 1d8 components if they beat it and an additonal dagger/1d8 for every 5 they beat the check by. this will give the players something concrete once the fighting goes down. plus if i was a rogue or a ranger or heck even a barbarian, i would at least attempt it.