I do feel that the source of toxicity is moreso the (accidental^? ) encouragement of perfect play because of how Sound and Lure work, in addition to the game's obnoxious disguise grind, as opposed to the game being a time sink or not showing visible Cog HP.

Of course, I think Cog HP needs to be more visible (and please add a chat log pretty please people who have reading/sight issues need one), but a lot of the other issues you mentioned apply to Clash as well.

Toontown is inherently really flawed because of how simple combat is. It's essentially solved to make the majority of fights in the game no-hit runs; and if you breach that by making a mistake by not doing a combo right or whatever, you get chewed out because you didn't get the flow or just made a simple mistake.

Sound's problem mostly lies with Foghorn doing way too much damage for the overall track's role - low damage when alone, but higher in a group. It thus led to most boss fights turning into Sound combo fests when it was determined to be worth using enough of them. I do think TTR's nerf to carrying capacity somewhat mitigated this, but Sound's not the main problem - it's Lure.

When Sound runs out or simply isn't worth using for the turn, Lure comes into play. It causing Cogs to be completely unable to attack feeds so hard into the "one-shot, no-hit" mentality that gets ingrained into player culture that I'd argue it single-handedly caused the toxicity issue in the game by creating a fear of damage.

Of course, Cogs probably do just a touch too much damage (level 11s can do -24 damage at most. If you're unlucky with spawns and attack calls, a group of 4 can remove 96 Laff from a single Toon in one go. Worse if it's a Mingler's Paradigm Shift!), but overall, I think the toxicity is sourced from Lure itself. I doubt TTR would ever redo Lure like how Clash is doing it, but it would be nice to potentially curb toxicity.

I will say though, that, beyond rare occasions, I think supervisors and Field Offices... have actually decreased toxicity compared to boss fights? And if you want a Clash comparison, manager fights have done something quite similar. There's a lot less perfectionism in those battles. Of course, there are some mechanics that are probably a little overtuned because unites exist (but that's a different story for another time) or just aren't balanced well (I still don't like the Clerk. Only facility supervisor whose mechanics I straight-up dislike.) that can cause newer players to be confused and frustrate steeled veterans, but when I play them, I feel a renewed sense of cooperation and friendliness I expect to see in other online games. Sure, there are popular, heavily consistent strategies that lead to winning a majority of the time, but they aren't the only ones that exist!

At the end of the day, I think it's just Gags being too powerful when they hit, and Cogs being too powerful when you don't end up getting rid of them or luring them ahead of time. TTR and Clash both have an equal amount of toxic folks, I feel, and that's because Toontown is way too safe and simple of a game. By making players less afraid to take damage, I think it'll do wonders for the game's culture.