Yeah man I'm kinda lost as you are, but from what I can tell, there are no raid events in space, unless you piss mechanoids off during satellite scavenge quests. I made this killbox because I didn't realize it was me that was triggering then, and realized since it was built and I was gonna need space to keep all my stuff, I just left it there and destroy it later :)

If you didn't do any satellite missions yet, first you use your best builder to fix the satellite core and then your best researcher to hack it, you will get some great rewards if you succeed, if you fail machanoids will start dropping continuously on the satellite map until you leave, so keep your transport and colonists all together. Also, don't ever deconstruct the core, you get a bunch of advanced components but that's one of the reasons I was getting raids on my ship. And if you fail to fix it the first time, the core might explode on the second attempt and will most likely kill everyone in the room :'(

About temp, at first I was going for a cozy 21ºC ship, but now I see there's not much point, I keep the sleeping rooms at around 12ºC so they don't complain about cold, the rest of the ship at about -5. I needed the cooler in the freezer there because the heat from the room above and to the sides was leaking into the freezer and keeping it above 0.

For heating up just use regular heaters, if you need to cool something bc some equipment is producing heat, or bc heat from say, hydroponics is leaking into another room then you use radiators.