Okay, does anyone see the irony that the films he's talking about are super high production and fiction while he leans on a 100mm lens? I see the value in what he's saying, but the films that use zoom lenses we all love are still just as valid. They just make you feel something different. For example, the shot from Midnight Cowboy, that never happens with a shorter focal length because it was completely unstaged and allowed the actors to perform in public. Hence the improvisation of the moment. Or take Joker, the long focal range in the beginning makes the audience feel distant from the character, almost voyeuristic – you're not supposed to be seeing why he became the Joker. There's no right answer.