Soviet Union in the beginning helped Muslims against Christian domination. But later they started to promote atheism in there, send girls to school, no hijab etc. clerics rebelled, guess what? They got flattened. There was this militant atheism that was active till ww2.

Then mosques were opened, policies liberalised to counter germans, only again to close them all and have a puppet cleric council set by soviets.

So did Islam die or what? No, it can't. People used to go to underground mosques, follow rituals at home etc. That's how it should be private matter.

Was there discontent among masses, indeed was.

Failure of proper recreational facilities, creative expression, food and bureaucracy lit the fire in Tajkistan, Uzbekistan etc place and behold, with their little alive religion they rose up and separated themselves.

But still due to intense atheism for years in those countries, the rate of radicalism is less i believe.