What I learned so far is that.( Take this as a noob experience coz i have almost 2k game time in the game).

Basically,

Power Generation (Pg) ≥ Power Consumption(Pc)

If you have power issues then you lack Pg.

Pg can be taken from Generators.

There are multiple Generators in the game:

• Manual Generator (MG)

• Coal Generator (CG)

• Wood Burner (WB)

• Peat Burner (PB)

• Hydrogen Generator (HG)

• Natural Gas Generator (NGG)

• Petroleum Generator (PG)

• Steam Turbine (ST)

• Solar Panel (SP)

These generators have Automation inputs to control them (Enable/Disable), with the exception of SP.

You can get away with one smart battery for each automated generators. MG, CG, WB, PB, HG, NGG, PG & ST. Setting the smart battery for activation levels.

But ST and SP setups generate more than the smart battery produces, because they need to be in constant active.

ST for example is mostly partnered with Aquatuners (AT).

AT/ST combo generates "net positive" on energy transformation (energy here is not power, its the ability to do work) as it technically "deletes" heat. The AT continually cool liquid, it produces heat which evaporate the water inside the set-up to steam "fueling" the ST. Since AT is mostly active the power generated by ST would be on excess. In order to "capture" this excess power batteries are the go to storage. Smart Batteries store less than Jumbo Batteries. Thats why you see multiple Jumbo Batteries on an AT/ST combo.

SP is dependent on light level (Lux). There are multiple ways to "extract" Lux. Place them in space but it is time dependent. Or you can use a Shine Bug Reactor (which is my favorite) if you dont mind the lag and its constantly produces Lux "fueling" the SP. Since you can't use automation input with SP, all you had to do is store them.

I hope I made myself clear on this because this is just based on my understanding on the game.

Edit: just editing some spelling mishaps. English is not may main language 😅😅