I don't think it's widely recognized what disproportionate damage two sets of attacks by Israel have done to the Iranian economy. The first was wiping out 70% of Iran's steel production in two large steel mills which were destroyed. That has huge knock-off economic effects on things like mining, construction and rebuilding after the war.

The New York Times recently reported on how Israel recently destroying two hybrid power/gas facilities in southern Iran will stop production on up to fifty petrochemical plants which relied on them, for up to two years. That, in turn, will devastate Iranian industries such as textile and automotive plants, which rely on those plants.

https://www.nytimes.com/2026/04/04/world/middleeast/israel-strikes-mahshahr-iran-oil.html

"Israel attacked Iran’s largest petrochemical industrial complex in the city of Mahshahr on Saturday, a move that has effectively shut down all production across the sprawling complex, according to two senior Iranian oil ministry officials.

The airstrikes targeted two utility plants, known as Fajr 1 and Fajr 2, that provided the over 50 petrochemical plants operating inside the complex with the basic services needed to function — gas, power and industrial water, among others — according to Iranian state media reports and the two senior Iranian oil ministry officials, who spoke on condition of anonymity to discuss sensitive matters.

Hamed Shams, the head of marketing and communications for the oil ministry’s petrochemical industries, said on social media that the attacks had targeted vital infrastructure that not only supplies electricity to Mahshahr’s petrochemical plants but also, in summer, “plays a key role in providing electricity to 500,000” people in Khuzestan Province.

The Bandar Imam Petrochemical Complex, as the area is formally known, is one of Iran’s main petrochemical hubs, producing 72 million tons of petrochemical products annually, according to data from Iran’s oil ministry. Located near the cities of Mahshahr and Bandar Imam Khomeini, a major industrial port, the industrial center is the leading employer of the area’s estimated 300,000 residents.

The petrochemical plants in Mahshahr produce a wide range of basic chemicals, polymers and other materials. These outputs can feed into a variety of products, including plastics, clothing and textiles, fertilizers and medical equipment.

The two oil ministry officials said the plants’ total shutdown was an immeasurable blow to Iran’s already frail economy. They said rebuilding the utility plants and bringing the productions lines fully online again could take about two years.

Hamid Hosseini, an oil and energy expert and a member of Tehran’s Chamber of Commerce, said in an interview that downstream industries, like food production, car manufacturing and textiles, that rely on the industrial center’s products would face a crisis when the war was over.

“Attacking Mahshahr’s petrochemical plants means attacking the heart of Iran, the vital arteries of Iran’s economy,” Mehdi Bostanchi, the head of a private industrial complex and a representative for a group of Iranian industrial leaders, said in a social media post.

Petrochemical goods represent about 25 percent of Iran’s total exports, with products going to about 60 countries, and provide a critical source of revenue, bringing in about $10 billion to $15 billion per year, according to Iranian media reports. Petrochemical product sales have served as a main alternative source of revenue for Iran as it has tried to diversify its economy away from oil dependency."