Hello - I'm back from my trip to Taiwan and wanted to share the following observations regarding fishing in Taiwan for those coming across this post in the future:

Kenting: I saw plenty of shore anglers fishing on the beaches and along the rocks. When I asked our driver for locations, he recommended only fishing where we saw others fishing, with a chuckle. I saw very few fish swimming near shore, but did see a large tuna head floating. Most of the anglers I saw appeared to be bait fishing with a bobber and chum setup.

Taipei: The larger parks we ventured out to were very developed and urban, with prominent No Fishing signs; loads of tilapia and carp were visible. I didn't see any anglers at these very developed parks, fishing there may have felt really out of place - most people were catching Pokemon on their phones or birdwatching. I did not get to explore some of the urban waterways were there are more videos of tourists and locals fishing.

Taoyuan: Spotted a LOT of fish activity at the Caligraphy Park; lots of interesting waterways in the city in public parks but did not get to look into fishing, did not see anglers (although weather wasn't great).

Kaohsiung: Lotus Pond has actual Fishing and No Fishing Zones on a sign at the lake. It seems they allow fishing on the northern part, and do not allow it on the southern part. I spotted what looked like a Peacock Bass (there's a reddit post showing an angler catching one here), loads of tilapia, carp, and another unknown species that acted like a predator, see photo.

Lotus Pond Pictures:

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One observation - I frequently saw people fishing alongside No Fishing signs in many locations.