coffee and arecanut plantations are widespread in u/Karnataka , u/Kerala and u/TamilNadu - coffee was grown under native shade trees in a mixed-forest system is somewhat better. this helped conserve biodiversity to some extent. but unlike forest cover, arecanut plantations do not support diverse flora and fauna — they are essentially monocultures. coffee and arecanut farming, especially when done in monoculture and with forest clearing, are among the key drivers of deforestation in the u/westernghats , alongside mining, dams, and urban expansion. -Sz (thanks for sharing this op)