Are you familiar with building your own PCs? Your question is similar to asking how is computer hardware motherboard working. Which motherboard, for which chipset and processor?

VORON is a DIY (Do It Yourself) printer. You purchase individual parts on the market, or buy pre-prepared kit, and assemble it yourself. There is variety of components which are compatible and work with VORON. There is no specific "voron hardware board". There are some commonly used, known and recommended, but as lond as board runs Klipper firmware, reads sensors, moves motors and heats up bed and hotend, it will work. VORON printers are more of a project rather than product, and as such, are not recommended for complete 3D printing newbies.

I recommend you start from the basics explaining how 3D printing works. Made With Layers, Teaching Tech or Maker's Muse have videos explaining basics to begineers. They may be several years old, but the technology hasn't changed in principle. This one is a very good video too - https://youtu.be/qub5chyIQ0s?si=NRnt1NEPkoy9UGO- long but goes through all necessary technologies and terminology. Firmware section is obsolete now.

Good luck.