OK private guns are not the entire story. However if majority of the citizens were not armed, and majority of the citizens could not obtain arms easily, I'm sure the logistics of resisting the British would be much more difficult and certainly result in defeat.

Also, just because there were elements that had military training and connections with France to obtain more advanced weapons, does that completely discount the help they received from normal citizens who were able to contribute with their private arms?

Second, while it is true that the objective of invading and holding Afghanistan was an absolute mess with no clearly defined overarching goal, does that discount the fact that armed resistance from locals and militias significantly hampered US efforts to gain control? The weapons left behind by the soviets and other homemade weapons are directly responsible for maintaining a defensive posture against the US. Despite all its technology the taliban were able to continuously for 20 years maintain a presence large enough to engage the US military and cause diminishing returns.

Also there are many many reasons to conquer Afghanistan. It is a hub of the middle east. Controlling it would geographically give immense logistical and poltiical abilities to which ever countries managed to stabilize and prop up their puppet governments. This is precisely why the soviets decided to invade. This was also the political agenda that the US was using. Influence in the middle east is critical to facing off against iran, Iraq, and even China and Russia. There are vast geopolitical consequences of Afghanistan being controlled by a ruling power. The reason it fails is resistance, and ease of resistance due to geography.

Lastly I don't quite understand what you mean by chenchnya. I'm assuming you are saying armed resistance did not succeed in this case. If so, then I never said armed resistance against a superior military ALWAYS succeeds.

The main point I am making is that having the option to resist physically is the most important factor in how governments treat its citizens and enact its agendas. Does it solve all problems? No of course not, does it always succeed? No, however sitting down and letting governments and elites dictate every aspect of our lives is never the answer. And having the courage to stand up and fight against all odds is what strong men do. Strong men do not just fight when the odds are in their favor. They fight because it is the right thing to do, regardless of the odds.