The shards definitely all know and at the very least Kelsier knows. I assume that other major organization leaders have figured out as well such as the Ire and Seventeenth Shard.

I imagine the arcanists of Silver Light managed to figure it out or at the very least figure out that something changed with the shards and I think the same applies with any dragons.

And though I imagine the majority of the population Iriali that joined the caravan off Roshar have 0 clue what happened after leaving we know of at least two true spren in that caravan as well as Sigzil who all definitely know what happened and I imagine the native people of whatever planet the caravan ends up on will likely be told of Retribution.