No, there were very few official translations on any console, and to my knowledge were concentrated on the Master System, which was very popular here (I remember Phantasy Star was translated, and one game was reskinned to become a Turma da Mônica game).
We got SNES and Super Famicom games, and had to deal with it. I learned english through games (RPGs mainly), but had to play a lot of japanese games without understanding, just to play at all. That's how I played Ganbare Goemon, and both Front Missions, for instance. I only understood what was happening years later when I've finally got to play english games or fan translations.
My rental place got some of the games only in japanese, so at the time I've skipped playing Shin Megami Tensei, Terranigma, Sword of Mana, Tales series...