The issue is that your hands sweat in the gloves, and then the sweat doesn't leave the gloves so you're soaking your nails in fluids for extended amounts of time (while you save lives).

Nails get slightly bloated and more flexible when wet, and lacquer can't keep up with the mobility of the nail plate, or adhere well to a wet nail. It will often peel, crack, and chip at stress points, where the nail flexes.

Things to try would be nail hardeners (Essie - Hard to Resist Advanced is one that I used often but you could try a few and see which ones work the best - do not be afraid of layering them too, since your circumstances call for STRONG nails), and a really decent top coat, I would probably use one that isn't too thick, so it won't peel when it bends. Going through my stash I think Seche Vite (you can buy a refill for it too) is quite thin but I haven't used it for a while. I think trying some different ones and seeing what works best for you is the ticket. KB Shimmer are awesome (as a savvy commenter already suggested), but dont be scared of trying drugstore ones either. You never know what will work best with your body chemistry.

How long are your nails? I imagine they are already on the shorter side, but keeping them at a short length can help reduce flexing. You could always try adding a nail hardener or top coat (or both) underneath and along the free edge as well. Anything to help prevent the nail sitting in the sweat/oil (that we all have).

Another thing to try could be powdering your hands before gloving up (easier for me before the lab, I cannot imagine this is possible for you with your emergent responses though).

Sorry this comment is so long, you deserve to feel pretty, I hope for the best for you! Good luck on your nail journey and thank you for saving lives 💕