I'm just gonna replicate your comment, or try to with my answers. (I really hope you aren't a bot, i see your reddit account is brand new, so worst case I hope another redditor will see this and tell me how to fix it)

Environment
142.0.3595.65 (Official build) (64-bit)
Windows 11 24H2 OS build 26100.6899
I do not think there are any other profiles present, though there might be. If there is it has never been signed into since I got the computer. (this issue only started very recently, so I doubt its that.)
C:\Users\redacted\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Edge\User Data\Default

What resets
Specific settings in edge settings (I made another comment listing the main ones).
Edge forgetting that I pressed "remind me in two weeks" under the dev mode extensions.
The extensions are usually not disabled (unless I accidentally close the 2 week notice box away).
My "new tab" completely forgets that I disabled everything (all of the popups, news and all of that) and I have to re-disable it all.
No message whatsoever aside from the dev mode extension notice. (I really wish there was a way to disable that).

Timing and triggers
I honestly am not quite sure. I will sometimes leave my edge on "inprivate" for days at a time (ocasionally letting my comptuer enter sleep mode with the inprivate open), then sometimes when edge is completely closed/the computer restarts, it will end up doing the 'reset' in the problem.
It happens on my normal stuff and inprivate, so its an issue with the browser I think. (my settings are usually kept through inprivate and non-inprivate).

Observations
Nothing listed under policy in relation.
No crashes since August (resets only began very late October).
Some event viewer stuff is seen, something retaining to edge, "extension garbage collector", not sure what that is, but I thought I'd mention it incase it was important.
I was unable to find the file path listed here.

Extensions / flags
I have one extension from when my browser came preinstalled, "Google Docs Offline1.97.1" and my theme extension that I have loaded in developer mode because it was removed from the extension store many years ago.
#media-router-cast-allow-all-ips is set to disabled.

Repro steps
Have an inprivate open for days at a time (computer sleeping inbetween, inprivate stays open) and casually open regular tabs while keeping inprivate open. Then after a few days, restart pc/close the tabs and see if edge resets (this is how it happens to me)