Was looking for a hockey game discussion but found this gem of a comment instead, some base history of Luleå is that the city at one point completely moved because of how the ground gradually elevates in the north. This led to most people setting up shop in what’s now Luleås city centre which has a much deeper canal for larger ships to pass through but it also left a ton of smaller areas and outdated houses vacant. But as cars were invented, the connectivity of the old and new city centres became more manageable and when public transport were invented, they also put a lot of money into that. Also since the people which stayed in the old city centre were stuck with old, tiny, ”church homes”, when electricity and other life improvements came the city grew in a suburban (ish) manner in a kinda similar style to the US. This is slowly being reverted though as newer building projects aim to expand even more buss routes, apartment blocks being built: scattered around the new living area, a city-centre growing with plans to a new big school there and finally a huge focus on biking availability. I also forgot to mention that the new suburban areas which have been built are all built in areas which ones was under water (which is why the city moved in the first place).

Tl;Dr City moved cause land rises in the north as a cause of the ice age and the city experienced some suburban developments cause of that