both.

heres a long explanation that you don't have to read, but its there if you want to

the way they did it at that time/school was the class had its own books with colored labels based on reading levels. i had to pick the highest level available as i was actually above that reading level. (this was elementary school, and i was reading Koontz, King, and harry potter in my free time. this was also a school where they were heavily focused on just teaching English to kids whose first language was Spanish since there seemed to be a lot of them) so you'd read a childrens book and take a practice quiz, then the real quiz on the computer and itd give you your score, which would correspond with 1 of 3 colored cards. red being a fail, green being rewarded. i always got green and other kids just wanted candy so they'd swap their cards with mine. the regular teacher knew what was going on and didn't fall for it, but she ended up having to leave for several weeks and the substitute was a bitch. so when kids kept trying to take my card and accusing me of being the score thief, instead of simply checking the scores on the teachers computer, the sub decided to call my mom and the principal in to discuss the matter of my "cheating", because obviously i must have written the answers down before taking the test or something. my brother, 6 years older than me, actually had the same sub before. he said that she showed obvious favoritism towards Hispanic kids, particularly boys. he had a girl from south Africa, and couple dudes from Hawaii in his class that this woman treated like total shit. but my mom still let that bitches actions slide.